by Sophie Scott | Apr 9, 2018 | My Blog
Getting a mortgage can seem complicated, once borrowers realize that there are several different types. With this information, potential home buyers will be able to distinguish the most common kinds of mortgages.
1. Fixed-Rate Loans
The standard mortgage loan that most people are at least vaguely familiar with is a fixed-rate loan with a specific term. The phrase “fixed-rate” means that the interest rate and the monthly mortgage payment are fixed for the duration of the loan. The term for a fixed-rate loan could be as low as 5-10 years but is typically either 15 or 30 years long. Although the borrower will pay down increasingly more principal on the loan over the years, the total payment for the principal and interest stays the same. Payments for private mortgage insurance, homeowners insurance, or property taxes may change, but the amount due for the loan itself does not. Fixed-rate loans are often preferred because they give buyers the benefit of predictability.
2. Adjustable-Rate Mortgages
Many people treat the fixed-rate mortgage as if it is the best mortgage available, but there are reasons people might consider an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM). With an ARM, borrowers are often granted a lower introductory interest rate, which may generate a lower initial monthly payment. After a set period (usually at least a few years long), the interest rate and the monthly payment adjusts. This cycle is repeated at a defined interval, which may be every six months or a year. Although mortgage interest rates do not tend to fluctuate greatly from one month to the next, interest rates could rise significantly over a period of several years. As such, many people who start with an ARM eventually refinance their mortgages to a fixed-rate loan.
3. Conventional Lending
When home buyers start to look at homes, they may see references to the types of lending that sellers will consider. Conventional loans are frequently cited as preferred, so borrowers should understand the limits of this designation. Conventional loans are also sometimes called “conforming loans,” which means that they conform to the lending guidelines set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. These are government-run organizations that buy up debt generated through conforming loans. Conventional lending usually carries specific requirements for down payments, assets in reserve, maximum debt-to-income ratio, and a limit on the size of the mortgage. Loans that fall outside conventional lending standards but are not in another specific category may be referred to as “nonconforming loans.”
4. Government-Insured Mortgages
In addition to conventional loans, potential home buyers may read about certain mortgages indicated by acronyms like FHA, VA, or USDA. These loans are insured by various departments within the federal government. The Federal Housing Administration guarantees loans for borrowers with limited ability to access conventional lending options. The Department of Veterans Affairs insures loans for current or former members of the military, with low down payment choices as a benefit of a certain amount of military service. The United States Department of Agriculture provides a guarantee for lenders who offer up to 100 percent financing for people who want to buy a home in rural areas. These loans may carry requirements above and beyond that of conventional lending, so they may not always be the ideal choice.
Choosing a mortgage means that borrowers need to know what is available to them. By understanding the difference between these types of mortgages, people can determine which mortgage will be best for their financial plans.
by Sophie Scott | Mar 23, 2018 | real estate
There is a lot of confusion when it comes to capital gains on home sales. Part of this is because there are so many exclusions that some people believe that capital gains don’t even apply to home sales. Well, the truth is that they do apply, but there are a lot of conditions and potential exemptions surrounding them. To use the law to the fullest advantage, real estate sellers should have a better idea of what they’re up against.
The Progressive Scale
Capital gains refer to the amount of appreciation on an asset over time. In this case, assets can refer to anything from stocks to real estate. So if a buyer purchases a home for $150,000 and then sells it for $500,000, their capital gain would be $350,000 minus certain deductible expenses. These gains are taxed based on a seller’s yearly income (for simplicity’s sake, capital gains are added to the seller’s income.) For long-term capital gains, those making $37,950 and under are exempt from taxes. Those making between $37,951 and $418,400 pay 15%, and those making anything over $418,400 will pay 20%.
Potential Exemptions
If a seller has made the home their primary residence for at least two years and sells the home within five years of the original date of purchase, they may be exempt from capital gains. Every owner of the home is allowed to exempt up to $250,000 worth of capital gains, whether the owners are married or not. The years of residence do not have to be consecutive, and the benefits can still be applied to rented homes so long as the criteria are still met. So if three friends are co-owners of a home, they can live in the home for the first six months, rent it for two years, and then move back in for 1.5 years before they sell. Professional home flippers should know that this benefit is not available to sellers more than once in two years.
Additional Deductions
Most home-related expenses are allowed to be deducted from the total net appreciation. This includes seller’s closing costs, real estate agent fees, and any potential renovations the seller did for the home. Sellers can even add on home sale costs from the original purchase of the home to close the gap even more. So if a buyer purchases a home for $100,000 and sells it for $200,000 10 years later, they’re able to limit the amount of taxes paid based on home renovation projects over ten years as well as real estate costs and fees.
1031 Exchanges
If a seller is purchasing a new property that’s similar in price, they may also be able to forego capital gains. So for the buyer who buys at $100,000 and sells at $200,000 10 years later, they may be able to purchase another property for $200,000 without having to pay capital gains. This option will defer taxes as opposed to eliminating the need to pay them all together, but it may make purchasing a new property a little easier to bear. A 1031 exchange can be a complex transaction, so sellers are highly encouraged to talk to a tax professional for more information.
Capital gains for home sales may have a lot of conditions and exclusions, but they don’t necessarily have to be a disadvantage for home sellers everywhere. Whether the seller has owned the property for six months or 60 years, there are ways to work with the rules to achieve a successful home sale.
by Sophie Scott | Feb 14, 2018 | My Blog
Staging is the act of making a property look move-in ready and appealing to home buyers. Staging is one part cleaning, one part decluttering, and one part decorating. Most homeowners stage in phases, beginning with decluttering and moving on to decorating.
Getting Started
Decluttering is usually the first part of staging because it’s so time-consuming. To start, go through every storage area of the house. Sort through boxes of old clothes, holiday decorations and old toys to remove those things you no longer need. Donate items to charity, recycle what can be recycled. and throw away the rest.
Remove stray papers, bills, and stacks of magazines from side tables, coffee tables and shelves. Clear kitchen items from the kitchen counters to showcase how much space your home has for food preparation. To make your home look more tidy, invest in home storage solutions like shelves and baskets where clutter can be stored.
Once the clutter has been removed from the closets, public areas and bedroom spaces in the home, then the house can be cleaned. A deep cleaning can help make the property look lighter, brighter, more cheerful and well-maintained. Clean everything from the curtains to the upholstery. Polish the silver, dust all surfaces, and clean all windows. Make your home shine!
Advanced Staging
After the cleaning and decluttering, it’s time to make improvements to the home decor. Cover bare walls with artwork, take down heavy drapes and add extra pillows to the couch or bed. Focus on improvements that bring together the decorating scheme in each room, and add things to the space that make it seem more comfortable and inviting.
For the finishing touch, set the table with a few wine glasses, place fresh flowers on the bathroom counter and play soft music in the background. Doing all of these things right before your home is shown to buyers can help make your house seem more luxurious and homey. Show buyers all the potential that your home has to offer.
How to Stage an Empty Home
Staging an empty home is a little different from staging a furnished home. Decluttering and cleaning is usually not a problem in an empty home. These tips will help you get started:
- Remove any stains on the carpet.
- Repaint or touch up the walls if necessary.
- Make any necessary repairs.
Once the basics above have been taken care of, add in a few pieces of attractive furniture to make the house seem more homey and inviting. Put a dining room table and chairs in the kitchen, a love seat and chairs in the living room, and a bed with nightstand in the master bedroom. These small details can help make your home look a comfortable place to settle down.
Contact Your Real Estate Agent
Many homeowners feel a little lost when they first begin staging their home to sell, which is why it helps to work with an experienced real estate agent. Your real estate agent can show you ways to make your home look tidier, more attractive and more appealing to home buyers. If you’re thinking about selling your home, contact a real estate professional in your area to get started.
by Sophie Scott | Jan 29, 2018 | My Blog
When it comes time to sell a property, a home inspection is necessary, or is it? This is one additional expense that may be useful but in certain cases is not a mandatory aspect in purchasing a home. In fact, some individuals buying in competitive markets may want to forgo the home inspection process to get ahead of other bidders and close on a desirable property. There is much to learn about home inspections, starting from the basics and getting into a few secrets not often disclosed to potential homebuyers.
Learn more about home inspections and what to be aware of when and if deciding to schedule a home inspection on a property today.
More Common than Before
Compared to twenty years ago, more home sales are contingent on information provided from a home inspection. The inspection is an additional fee and is not generally seen as expensive, costing buyers around $450. However, some inspectors can be considered to be overzealous and create a list of minor problems that may overwhelm owners and buyers. Sellers and buyers want to know which items are most important to address and which issues may reduce home value or impair the structural integrity of a home.
An issue with some inspectors is that they create a list with more important items and those that are generally seen as more cosmetic and those reading the list may not know which concerns to prioritize and how much necessary repairs will cost. A professional inspection should cover the foundation, framing, roof, plumbing, wiring heating systems, water heater and fireplaces. Professional inspectors who include pictures of problems make it easier to understand the extent of a problem.
Home Inspections May Be Required
In certain instances a home inspection may be mandatory. Some banks and mortgage loan products may require borrowers to carry out a home inspection. Home inspections are generally useful as buyers and investors are making a significant purchase and some issues may be addressed by the seller or help to reduce the asking price of a home.
Speak with a bank or lender and be aware of their flexibility when it comes to home inspections. There are those who forgo certain contingencies, including a home inspection, in hot housing markets. Sellers looking to close quickly may choose those buyers who are willing to do without a home inspection.
Inconsistent Regulations
A lack of national standards may make it possible for different home inspectors to have greatly varying levels of expertise. Approximately two-thirds of states have established laws helping to regulate home inspectors. This inconsistency may make it difficult to know whether or not a home inspector possesses the knowledge base necessary to provide sellers and buyers with relevant advice.
Home inspectors in New York are required to take a 140 hour course for pre-licensing. California home inspectors do not need to take classes or have a license. Find out more about regulations that may apply to home inspections in a specific state and speak with a trusted agents and friends to find out more about their experiences with local home inspectors in the area.
Learn More About Home Inspections
Buyers and sellers need to know more about the home inspection process and when skipping a home inspection may be in their interest. Talk with an experienced real estate agent to learn about general home inspection expectations and potential problems.
by Sophie Scott | Jul 28, 2017 | Marketing
INTRODUCTION
Influencers are persons who have the ability to sway the opinions of a target market. They are information brokers who share their knowledge and thoughts in order to aid others in making sound decisions. They are well-known and greatly respected public figures within their local communities and as such, are well able to win the trust of their targeted audiences.
Influencer marketing is hence the use of influencers to reach out to a target market. Unlike most other marketing techniques, it is indirect in the sense that there is no one-on-one interaction between the marketer and the potential customer.
The gist of the discussion that follows is centered on the steps that may be taken to utilize influencers in a marketing campaign.
HOW TO USE INFLUENCERS FOR MARKETING
Step I: Carry out a Marketing Feasibility
Marketing feasibility is simply a way of examining the marketing prospects. It entails ascertaining the profitability of a marketing venture. The main aim of the study is to assess the relevance of the influencer marketing to the organization’s overall goals. It also evaluates the costs involved and the expected returns.
Step II: Determine the Qualifications of your Preferred Influencers
Influencers are of various types, possess varying degrees of work experience, and are suited for various kinds of marketing related tasks. You will, therefore, have to determine the kind of qualifications your preferred influencer ought to possess. This is largely determined by the kind of task you may want them to undertake. The ideal influencer has to:
• Have access to a very large target audience• Be as relevant as possible to the target market• Be very genuine• Be very active on all the social media platforms• Possess the tone and communication style of the marketing campaign
Step III: Recruit the Influencers
Recruit the potential influencers on the basis of the criteria set out above. This could take several forms or approaches such as the use of newspapers, recruitment firms, posters, and the social media. Recommendations, testimonials, and referrals from past employers may also come in handy. Great care has to be taken throughout the recruitment exercise to ensure that only the very skilled and capable ones are recruited to join the team.
Step IV: Create Partnerships and Synergies
After recruiting the influencers, you will have to create partnerships and synergies with them. To do this, you will have to interact with all of them directly. You will also have to organize a bonding session for all of them. They will have to meet somewhere, introduce themselves to one another, and craft a common way forward. It is at this stage that each influencer is furnished with his unique job description, sales targets, and other aspects.
Step V: Institute a Reward Mechanism or Regime
Put in place a mechanism for rewarding each influencer for his labor. Each influencer is generally entitled to a retainer (standard amount of money regardless of any contribution made). A further commission is also awarded depending mainly on the contribution that each influencer makes to the overall organizational marketing campaign.
Step VI: Conduct Monitoring and Evaluation
Once the marketing campaign is up and running, you will need to carry out periodic monitoring and evaluation exercises to assess its success. You will have to ask yourself the following relevant questions:
• “Have I met and/or exceeded my sales goals?”• “Have my sales revenue soared, remained constant, or slumped?”• “Have I generated any significant impression(s) ever since I started the campaign?”• “Do I really need to keep the same number of influencers or should I downsize them?”• “What changes, if any, should I make?”
BOTTOM LINE
Influencer marketing is a very rewarding venture in the sense that it aids in the deepening of an organization’s market base inexpensively. Owing to its intricacy, the intervention of a competent marketing company may be necessary to leverage its benefits. All factors considered it is clearly a strategy that just about any serious company has no choice but to contemplate adopting as a standard managerial best practice.
by Sophie Scott | Jul 28, 2017 | Philosophical Texts
3 of the Most Important Philosophical Texts of All Time
The most important philosophical texts of all time can be argued about just as much as philosophy itself. Discussed here are merely three of the most important texts chosen specifically for their profound global cultural impact. That is to say, these three texts stand as pillars throughout the formation of today’s superpowers. Beyond that, the intricacies of philosophical impact on modern cultures we leave open for your argumentative and musing delight.
— The Republic by Plato
The predominance of Western culture has left little, if any, of the globe untouched. Laying the groundwork for much of Western philosophy and culture is Plato’s The Republic. Written around 380 BCE, Plato shares the teachings of Socrates on justice, forms of government, and the ideal State. Socrates’ ideals resonate to this day, especially when compared to many of today’s political and societal arguments. The similarities between modern Western culture and Socrates’ teachings are striking, while other ideas are even radical. Expand your understanding of your own culture’s system by putting it into perspective against Socrates’ ideas. Including the famous ‘Allegory of the Cave,’ Plato’sThe Republic offers inspiring food for thought on the Western way.
— The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx
There’s no denying the significance of 1848’s The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx. Marx points out the faults of Capitalism and its ultimate degradation into collapse, arguing his ideal State of Communism. Although others used Marx’s model toward corrupt means, his ideas have resonated through time, inspiring many a rebel and revolutionary. There are still Marxists the world over seeking to free the peoples of the globe into a more unified State. The Communist Manifesto is a must-read for anyone looking to explore beyond the money-blinded boundaries of Capitalism. Feed the revolutionary in you!
— Tao Te Ching by Lao Tzu
A classic of Eastern literature and philosophy, Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching dates back to the late 4th century BCE. English-reading audiences were first introduced to this gem of Eastern wisdom in 1891. Fundamental to the development of Taoism, this text has also inspired Buddhism, Confucianism, and other sects of thought and religion. Its impact on Eastern culture and, more markedly recent, trickle into Western thought deems importance while offering wisdom with elegance. For those with a deeper appetite, Lao Tzu’s commentary includes states of being and consciousness. Roughly translated as ‘The Way of Virtues,’ the Tao Te Ching teaches harmony and unity. To this day, many seek and find serenity within its words.
Taking It Further
The philosophies of Plato, Marx, and Lao Tzu are at the core of today’s global culture. While certainly not a list to be-all-and-end-all, their reverberations continue to shake the world over. Their influence throughout history continues to blend and adapt in varying, interesting ways. Consider how other philosophies adapted concepts these classics laid down and how such adaptations influenced further cultural change. Where might we go from here?
Happy Philosophizing!
